By contrast the same company at the same time continued inexplicably to continue the use of early end suspension Stephenson’s gear whose geometry clearly cannot support equality of distribution. Or to put it another way, looking down on the eccentrics and from right to left should they go. Any apparent problem is likely to be of the following: A proportion problem: a mistaken input: a suspension item misplaced. To give you some sense of scale, the coupled wheelbase is 53mm, the driver dia. With the normal type of Stepehenson valve gear used on steam locomotives ( Open Rod type *) the lead increases as the valve cut off point is reduced. Perhaps this was accepted as a practical compromise dating from the earliest times and never sensibly reviewed. For the steam techies: Modern valve gears like Baker, Walshaert, etc. Preparation. Tom Stamey wrote the following description for setting Stephenson valve gear on Allen Models locomotives, 20 April 2014.. Because Stephenson’s gear can achieve near perfection in enabling a one-piece valve to supply both ends of a double-acting cylinder equally its design in any one particular case ought to follow a complete and correct procedure, in the knowledge that straying from its basic simplicity will impair its excellence. It is possible to proportion the parts so that the basic design does not transgress this principle once the required lap and lead are determined. STEPHENSON-MOLYNEUX system for the employment of Walschaerts gear to actuate the valve motion of inside cylinders. Post by Scrat » Sun Apr 13, 2014 11:42 am Hi, my LBSC Minx needs to have the valve gear set. Agreed David, Don has also gone to a lot of time and effort to assist me in getting the best out of Boadicea's valve gear. Don Ashton gives several methods of doing this in his excellent book on the gear. Assess the increasing lead amounts and juggle the initial lead, lap and port opening to arrive at suitable full gear cut off and lead characteristics. 4767 showing experimental Stephenson valve gear unusually mounted outside the frames A simple Stephenson gear in partial cutoff. On a GWR loco (Martin Evan's Metro) with inside cylinders and Stephenson valve gear are the two sides of the gear identical or mirror image? This picture shows a working demonstration model of the gear in the Science Museum, South Kensington. In 1841 two employees in Stephenson’s locomotive works, draughtsman William Howe and pattern-maker William Williams, suggested the simple expedient of replacing the gabs with a vertical slotted link, pivoted at both ends to the tips of the eccentric rods. For some more sophisticated understanding of valve gears I suggest Don Ashton's Steam Locomotive Valve gears site, especially in this context the page on Stephenson's gear. Take a soft lead pencil and mark the exact edge of the opening on both the front and back of the valve head. Many model designs mistakenly substitute launch links for locomotive links without due reference to the correct driveline simply in order to keep eccentric sizes down. It is based on the eccentric rod valve gear developed for stationary steam engines, but with the added complexity that unlike a stationary steam engine, a steam locomotive needs to reverse. Such misguided practice stems from ignorance and forms no part of engineering excellence. Click for a larger picture to view the offset trunnion. English examples for "Stephenson valve gear" - The Stephenson valve gear remained the most commonly used valve gear on 19th-century locomotives. Timing Stevenson Valve Gear can be a real challange, especially when you do it the first time. Valve movement is … The Stephenson valve gear or Stephenson link or shifting link [Snell, J B (1971).Mechanical Engineering: Railways, Longman & Co, London] is a simple design of valve gear that was widely used throughout the world for all kinds of steam engine.It was patent ed by George Stephenson but was actually invented by his employees.. Two examples with differing drivelines provide ample proof. The intermediate valve spindle worked by the eccentric and carrying the left- hand end of the combination lever is clearly seen alongside the rectangular guide bar in the centre of the picture. Walschaerts valve gear was invented around the same time as Stephenson valve gear but did not become popular until the very late 1800's. The first dates from 1899, when the Queensland Railways’ Ipswich Works designed the PB15 4-6-0s with direct drive to outside admission slide valves in typical American fashion. The employment of locomotive links involves larger eccentrics because the die never approaches the line of the eccentric rod pins, usually by a factor of almost 2. There is also a good conference paper on it too: Klijn, G., and Koetsier, T., 2011. To use the simulator to analyse an existing design run a CAD drawing simultaneously. It is based on the eccentric rod valve gear developed for stationary steam engines, but with the added complexity that unlike a stationary steam engine, a steam locomotive needs to reverse. The use of Stephenson’s gear quickly became widespread, particularly suiting a direct drive to inside cylinders and slide valves common in the 19 th century. English examples for "Stephenson valve gear" - The Stephenson valve gear remained the most commonly used valve gear on 19th-century locomotives. (562K GIF) Stephenson valve gear Last updated December 09, 2020 British LMS Stanier Class 5 4-6-0 Locomotive no. Its common appearance in the marine environment, where many miles may pass at a single expansion setting, is perhaps more excusable. First choose the correct link and driveline. The amount of adjustment necessary to produce the finest of results should be very little, once the valve has been set. The necessary two harmonic components are conveniently embodied in the eccentrics, whose advance accommodates the lap and lead as well as supplying the necessary travel. Once again, there is only one correct position for them. Which is the best way to re-adjust the valve gear? Stephenson valve gear: where to start? The Stephenson valve gear or Stephenson link or shifting link is the oldest and simplest standard design of steam locomotive valve gear.The design is normally attributed to George Stephenson.. Valve gears such as Stephenson's for example are variable lead valve gears. Steam Locomotive Walschaert Valve Gear Animation Based on 4-6-2 Pacific, Soo #2714: images, data. Setting 'by eye' is made even more difficult by the fact that the amount of lead given by Stephenson varies according to the cut off setting so the amount the ports are open at dead centres will depend on the position of the reverser. This forum is dedicated to the Live ... or a virtual one, there is no difference.. Later in life the rocker was eliminated by a successor with disastrous results not comprehended by the CME. 4767 sho... World Heritage Encyclopedia, the aggregation of the largest online encyclopedias available, and the most definitive collection ever assembled. Hi, I have just received an HO Bachmann Spectrum 2-8-0 with Stephenson valve gear. Some faults were found and improvements made which Don put in the Drawing Errors thread. Jul 17, 2019 - Valve setting with Stephenson link valve timing on our 7 1/4" Forney locomotive. Larry suggests adding up to 0.002 inches to the Throw of Eccentric value for each pin in the valve gear (including the eccentric, too) because, even when new, there will be lost motion, possibly enough to eliminate the lead. Today there can be no excuse for not designing a gear with the finest of attributes. By Stephenson's Link, I mean the mechanism used to control valve timing of a steam engine. Please Login or Register. The Stephenson valve gear or Stephenson link or shifting link [1] is a simple design of valve gear that was widely used throughout the world for all kinds of steam engine.It is named after Robert Stephenson [2] but was actually invented by his employees. Often it is called Stephenson's Valve Gear. Similarly, the eccentrics for Stevenson link valve gear can be set once and for all before the axle is even fitted in the loco. The length of the lifting arm, length and angular setting of the lifting link and the position of the weighshaft are critical to steam distribution and will still require back gear events to be compromised in favour of forward running. It is normally driven from “eccentrics” mounted on one of the drive axles and located inside the loco’s frames. Piston valves which superseded slide valves in the 20th century; 3. This limit is embedded into the spreadsheet and subsequent calculations conclude the exact amount of trunnion offset to counter inherent errors. Because Stephenson’s gear can achieve near perfection in enabling a one-piece valve to supply both ends of a double-acting cylinder equally its design in any one particular case ought to follow a complete and correct procedure, in the knowledge that straying from its basic simplicity will impair its excellence. The placement of the weighshaft and the lengths of the lifting components will alone determine the best events. Hi, I have just received an HO Bachmann Spectrum 2-8-0 with Stephenson valve gear. STEPHENSON VALVE GEAR, the joint invention of Williams and Howe in 1842, was first applied to locomotives by Robert Stephenson & Co, and is still in use throughout the world. The lifting arm needs to be set oddly out of square in order to bias forward gear events at the expense of backward running. This forum is dedicated to the Live ... or a virtual one, there is no difference.. Valves should be set on their spindles by provided adjustment, otherwise the integrity of the gear itself is violated. To watch the flailing links and interactions of Stephenson’s gear belies its very simple concept. My question is that by having 2 eccentrics that could be set at any position on the axle in the shop, could the Stevenson valve gear be "tweaked" to make a certain engine perform This setting information is the same for all Stephenson link valve gear. There are many designs which irrespective of age reveal a similar degree of design knowledge and execution. The equivalent eccentric is the same for each case. Setting Stephenson Valve Gear. The Stephenson valve gear or Stephenson link or shifting link [1] is a simple design of valve gear that was widely used throughout the world for various … Long travels are better accommodated by rocker arm enhancement in the manner of GWR locomotives and this keeps the eccentric throws at manageable dimensions. I own a 5" Hunslet Don Young design, had it for close to 3 yrs and currently have the boiler off and remaking some of the valve gear as it very loose and worn. Stephenson gear was invented first, and it is perhaps the first full-function valve gear offering not only forward and reverse but also a range of steam cutoffs during the piston stroke. A long (near 100%) cutoff gives maximum tractive effort for starting or climbing a ruling grade, but it is not energy efficient. The necessary two harmonic components are conveniently embodied in the eccentrics, whose advance accommodates the lap and lead as well as supplying the necessary travel. Each of these valve gears address different methods of adjusting the valve timing by using a link and link block (or by it's ommision such as the Baker gear which uses a bell crank) and the locations of the reach rods in relation to the radius rod/bars (Walschaerts/Baker and Young, respectively), union links and combination levers. The Stephenson valve gear was developed by William Howe and William Williams at the Stephenson Locomotive Works in 1841. The Stephenson valve gear or Stephenson link or shifting link is a simple design of valve gear that was widely used throughout the world for all kinds of steam engines.It is named after Robert Stephenson but was actually invented by his employees. The launch link enables smaller eccentrics in the restricted space but will require means of opposing the inherent angularity problems. The suspension positioning is also determined. Howe’s discovery of the expansion link with which to join the forward and back eccentric rods of a typical gab gear removed all the awkwardness in use and provided a continuous control from full forward to full back gears and all expansions in between. It was used on … Once used, the Solver technique readily calculates all the gear trigonometry and the trunnion offset is the outcome. American practice was to employ launch-type links and to drive through a 180o rocker to slide valves on top of outside cylinders: British inside cylinders with collinear slide valves demanded the use of locomotive links and hence direct drive from larger eccentrics. President of City of Newport M.E.S. It is worthwhile tracing the extremities of pin travel for both forward and reverse gears on paper, joining and bisecting these full gear positions, and thereby seeking a common position for the lifting arm eye. Expansion links should not swing more than 25 degrees for mechanical exigency. This is automatically incorporated into the spreadsheet, as is also the pin centre distance to prevent too much angular swing of the expansion link. Often it is called Stephenson's Valve Gear. A full understanding of the correct use of both launch-type links and locomotive links according to driveline, and of their relationship, is fundamental and can be found in my book, listed on the DOWNLOADS page. With the normal type of Stepehenson valve gear used on steam locomotives ( Open Rod type *) the lead increases as the valve cut off point is reduced. You can see what I mean at Wikipedia - Stephenson's Valve Gear. It is named after Robert Stephenson but was actually invented by his employees. In the interests of standardisation the GWR used essentially the same valve gear to accommodate valve travels between 6″ and 7.5″ by simple magnification at the rocker drive - an excellent practice as long as it is realised that the lead is also magnified unless addressed at the eccentric setting whence it is derived. These calculations merely appear on the sheet so that the user may see when cells contain either # marks or minus signs, which must be absent before Solver is invoked. Applications. It is named after Robert Stephenson but was actually invented by his employees. For reasons of practicality two significant deviations from the prototype have been made. The Stephenson valve gear or Stephenson link or shifting link is a simple design of valve gear that was widely used throughout the world for all kinds of steam engines.It is named after Robert Stephenson but was actually invented by his employees. It ran fine until one strap broke and hit a sleeper. The throw and settings are completely different from a launch link case and my design spreadsheet will accommodate this automatically to conform to the equivalent eccentric. From Larry Koehl, Live Steam Magazine, June 1976 The Throw of Eccentric formula, below, applies only to locomotives using Stephenson valve gear. The Stephenson valve gear or Stephenson link or shifting link is a simple design of valve gear that was widely used throughout the world for all kinds of steam engines. In retrospect it seems odd that traction engine designers sought to follow railway practices by using similar gears when their space limitations may well have suited the development of an entirely different valve gear, yet they so frequently transgressed simple principles that governed the railway designers. Stephenson valve gear - most common valve gear in the 19th century, normally inside the locomotive frame. i would also like to publically thank Don again for his marvellous help with BOXHILL's valve gear. 70036 'Boadicea' now completed and ready for a steam test. … The Stephenson valve gear or Stephenson link or shifting link is a simple design of valve gear that was widely used throughout the world for various kinds of steam engines. Traction engines are the greatest abusers of the principles of good suspension and the use of the correct link for the  driveline. For reasons of practicality two significant deviations from the prototype have been made. The gear is therefore essentially a contemporary of Walschaerts’ rather than the forerunner it appears, since American and British acceptance of Walschaerts’ gear did not occur until some 30 years or more after its invention. Chairman, Rivet Counters Fellowship. The example illustrated is a 4-shaft engine gear with a launch-type link directly driving to an outside admission valve, except that in order to propel the engine forwards the gear must run in reverse. Triangle M,X,R shows the setting and advance for a locomotive link eccentric to achieve the identical performance, superimposed on the launch link eccentric. You can see what I mean at Wikipedia - Stephenson's Valve Gear. The valves on a steam engine control the flow of steam in and out of the cylinders. Because Stephenson’s gear in its earliest form is capable through rational design of the very finest of equality in steam distribution there exist no reasons for the many patents purporting to improve it and no excuse for any poor arrangement. Preparation. The Stephenson valve gear or Stephenson link or shifting link [1] is a simple design of valve gear that was widely used throughout the world for various … S tevenson Valve Gear. My question is that by having 2 eccentrics that could be set at any position on the axle in the shop, could the Stevenson valve gear be "tweaked" to make a certain engine perform Click for a larger view of this old drawing to see that end suspension can never be conducive to good event equality in both forward and back gears. Stephenson valve gear was an early type of valve gear that allowed the 'cut off' of steam admission to be finely adjusted from the footplate. Always put the weighshaft on the side away from the forward eccentric pin to bias fore gear. Improper suspension will counter any good initial design. When a launch expansion link tips a knuckle joint forms between the link and the eccentric rod, varying the distance between the die and driving axle centre. Setting Stephenson Valve Gear. Stephenson valve gear: | | | British LMS Stanier Class 5 4-6-0 Locomotive no. If the arrangement is to be end suspended the spreadsheet use has finished and the simulator, with a simultaneous CAD drawing, is the best way forward to design the reversing gear. Initial design work can be achieved very quickly using a spreadsheet such as that found on the DOWNLOADS page, enabling simple juggling of the lap/lead to address port requirements. Here's a larger version, with 'color coded steam' and sound. Therefore the lifting link is highly unlikely to be vertical, though few traction engine designers seemed to realise this! 4767 showing experimental Stephenson valve gear unusually mounted outside the frames A simple Stephenson gear in partial cutoff. Yes, Don will be along soon to confirm! Each of these valve gears address different methods of adjusting the valve timing by using a link and link block (or by it's ommision such as the Baker gear which uses a bell crank) and the locations of the reach rods in relation to the radius rod/bars (Walschaerts/Baker and Young, respectively), union links and combination levers. We are stuck at the moment getting the "timing" right.Can anyone supply info on which issue of M E had the write-up ? They used saturated steam, had Stephenson valve gear and were built on plate frames. Tom Stamey wrote the following description for setting Stephenson valve gear on Allen Models locomotives, 20 April 2014.. After that it quickly became the most popular valve gear on steam locomotives. They used saturated steam, had Stephenson valve gear and were built on plate frames. Finished a Simplex in 2008, gradually learning how to drive it. (270K GIF) An even larger version with animated cycling of the cutoff and reverse linkage action. The expansion links were somewhat hybrid, with pins offset in launch link fashion but too widely spaced to allow die alignment in full gear. The Stephenson valve gear or Stephenson link or shifting link [Snell, J B (1971).Mechanical Engineering: Railways, Longman & Co, London] is a simple design of valve gear that was widely used throughout the world for all kinds of steam engine.It was patent ed by George Stephenson but was actually invented by his employees.. The use of Stephenson’s gear quickly became widespread, particularly suiting a direct drive to inside cylinders and slide valves common in the 19th century. Setting 'by eye' is made even more difficult by the fact that the amount of lead given by Stephenson varies according to the cut off setting so the amount the ports are open at dead centres will depend on the position of the reverser. Note the special form of combination lever placed horizontally. Furthermore, nature has it that in a large vertically disposed engine the conditions for the upstroke differ from those on the downstroke. Stephenson’s valve gear was extensively used worldwide throughout the 19th century and through the first half of the 20th Century on Great Western Railway 2-cylinder locomotives. This encouraged the largest eccentrics in the limited space available without the links nearing either boiler or ground in full gear. In this case entries into a spreadsheet should take into account the final enhancement ratio. In 1841 two employees in Stephenson’s locomotive works, draughtsman William Howe and pattern-maker William Williams, suggested the simple expedient of replacing the gabs with a vertical slotted link, pivoted at both ends to the tips of the eccentric rods. The cams consist 4 individual cams. Larry also points out the fact that Cut-Off is always 75% when Lap equals Port Width, for all values of Port Width. 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